Here are some frequently asked questions (FAQ) about Vitamin D:
What is the function of vitamin D?
- Regulation of bone health, calcium, and phosphorus
- Regulation of immune function
- Regulation of blood pressure and cardiovascular health
- Regulation of insulin and blood sugar
- Regulation of muscle composition and muscle function
- Prevention of cancer
How is vitamin D made?
It is produced in the body when ultraviolet (UV) rays from the sun contact the skin, triggering the creation of vitamin D, called vitamin D synthesis. Vitamin D obtained from sun exposure, food, and supplements isn’t usable until converted in two separate chemical processes occurring within the body. The first occurs in the liver and converts vitamin D to calcidiol (25-hydroxyvitamin D) and the second occurs primarily in the kidney to form the physiologically active calcitriol (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D).
Vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol) is formed in fungi like mushrooms and D3 (cholecalciferol) is formed in the skin when contacted by UV light. Vitamin D2 is converted to cholecalciferol (D3) only after UV light strikes it in the skin and is then hydroxylated in the liver to become calcifediol (25-hydroxyvitamin D3). Calcifediol is again hydroxylated in the kidneys becoming calcitriol (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3), which is the most active hormone form of vitamin D3.
What events can indicate a need for more foods rich in vitamin D?
- Muscle aches and muscle weakness
- Frequent falls, particularly among older persons
- Bone pain, frequent bone fractures, or soft bones
- Stunted growth in children
- Asthma in children (especially severe asthma)
- Impaired cognitive function, especially among older persons
- Lowered immunity
- Chronic low energy and fatigue
- Depression, particularly among older persons
- Presence of any autoimmune disorder
- Lack of exposure to sunlight for any reason, including geography, use of sunscreen, or wearing of protective clothing
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